Blood Pressure

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What is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries as it flows through the body. It is expressed as two numbers – systolic and diastolic – and measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). A normal blood pressure reading is typically around 120/80 mmHg.

Why does it occur?

Blood pressure is regulated by several factors, including the amount of blood the heart pumps, the resistance of the arteries, and the amount of blood in the body. High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, occurs when the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. This can be caused by several factors, including:
  1. Lifestyle factors: Factors such as a diet high in salt, lack of physical activity, and obesity can contribute to high blood pressure.
  2. Age: Blood pressure tends to increase with age.
  3. Genetics: Some people may be genetically predisposed to high blood pressure.
  4. Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease, can contribute to high blood pressure.

Treatment

The treatment for high blood pressure depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. The goal of treatment is to reduce blood pressure to a healthy level and prevent complications.
  1. Lifestyle changes: Making healthy lifestyle changes can help reduce blood pressure and improve heart health. This may include following a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, quitting smoking, and managing stress levels.
  1. Medications: Several medications can be used to treat high blood pressure, including diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers. These medications work by either reducing the amount of fluid in the body, relaxing blood vessels, or reducing the workload on the heart.
  2. Monitoring: Regular blood pressure monitoring is important to ensure that blood pressure is under control and to make any necessary adjustments to treatment.

Conclusion

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries and is regulated by several factors. High blood pressure, or hypertension, occurs when the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. Treatment for high blood pressure may include lifestyle changes, medications, and regular monitoring to ensure that blood pressure is under control. If you have high blood pressure, it is important to work with your healthcare provider to develop a treatment plan and reduce the risk of complications.